普通話的輕聲音節,有很多功能,其中,重中之重是:
辨別詞義:
Mandarin
gentle tone, there are a lot of functions, among them, the most important are:
Discern
meaning:
有些輕聲調本身有辨別詞義的功能,即是說:讀作輕聲調和不讀作輕聲調,詞義便會有所不同,共有兩個類別。
Some
gentle tones will have to identify the function of meaning, in other words: Read as gentle tone and do not
read as gentle tone, meaning will be different, there are two categories.
例如:複習(1 8)的對聯中,假如對聯中的「東西」,讀作第一聲的話,則表示「方向」;
若讀作輕聲,則意謂「物品」。
所以,若遇到這種有辨別詞義作用的輕聲字,便要格外注意,否則就會造成詞義理解錯誤。
For
example: Review (18) of the couplet, if the couplet of
"stuff", reads as the first sound of the words, it means "direction" if
read as gentle sound, will have to pay particular
attention,
Otherwise,
it will cause misunderstanding of meaning.
下述的輕聲字詞,都具有辨別詞義的作用。(輕聲,全部出現在配詞的後綴字)
Following
the author provides gentle sound of words have
to identify the role of meaning.
Gentle
tones, all appear in the suffix of the word.
本事běn shì:本領(Ability)
本事【běn shi】:文學作品中所依據的故事情節
Literature
is based on storyline.
別人bié rén:另外的人(家裡只有母親和我,沒有別人)
Other
people(Home, only the mother and me, no one else)
別人【bié ren】:是指自己或某人以外的人(把方便讓給別人,把困難留給自己)
Refers
to a person other than yourself or someone(The matter of convenience
humility to others, the difficulties left to my own)
對頭duì tóu:解作正確或合適(方法對頭,效率就高)
Construed
as correct or appropriate(Method done correctly, efficiency is high)
對頭【duì tou】:仇敵(死對頭)
Enemies(Rival)
買賣mǎi mài:意謂買與賣的交易行為。
Means
buying and selling transactions.
買賣【mǎi mai】:意思是指「生意」(他做了一筆買賣)。
Meaning
"business"(He made a deal)
精神jīng shén:是指人的意識、思維活動和一般心理狀態。
Refers
to the human consciousness, thinking activity and general mental state
精神【jīng shen】:輕聲,是形容詞,形容表現出來的活力,意思是很有生氣的樣子(精神奕奕)
Gentle
tones, is an adjective, describe manifested vitality the meaning is very dynamic state
(Energetic)
地下dì xià:意思是地面以下(石油蘊藏在地面以下)
Meaning
below the ground(Oil reserves below the ground)
地下【dì xia】:意思是地面上(我家住在地下)
Meaning
that on the ground(I lived on the ground floor)
朋友們,你有沒有察覺到,主要聲調與輕聲調,在語意上有很大的分別?
My
friends have you noticed, main tone and gentle tone,
semantically very different from?
在學習普通話的過程裡,假如你不學習漢語拼音,你可能會忽略了輕聲調的重要性,當你要面對考核的檢定或與一名母語是普通話的人,如何能夠暢順溝通?
In the
process of learning Mandarin, if you do not learn pinyin, you may ignore the importance of a gentle tone, when you have to face assessment test or
a native Mandarin speaker how can you smoothly communicate?
你能夠說出下述配詞的輕聲字的詞義嗎?
Can you
say the following with the gentle sound of the word meaning?
假如你沒打算學習漢語拼音,你今天不會來到我的網誌;假如你不來我的網誌,你未必會知道,學好輕聲調詞語,對你學習普通話的重要性。
以下我提供的輕聲調配詞,只是普通話考試,必學輕聲調配詞的五份之一,我希望在後續的篇章或我編寫的教材中的「同字多音」及「同字異義」的欄目中,把大部份配詞,都能夠逐一介紹出來。
If you
do not intend to learn Chinese pinyin, today you will
not come to my blog; if you do not come to my blog you may not know, learn gentle tone words are the
importance of learning Mandarin.
I offer
the following words of gentle sound of the deployment, just
have to learn the word gentle sound of one-fifth of the deployment I hope that
in subsequent chapters I have written materials or the
"Concordance multi-tone" and "the same word in different
meaning," the column, with the majority of the word, are able to introduce one by one out.
複習(19):Review(19): (二)
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普通話的字詞,每一個都應該會有音調,但是,有些組合字詞的音調讀起時,音調會又輕又短,這就是輕聲調詞語。
|
Mandarin words, each one should have a tone,
but the tone of some combination of words read from time to time, the tone
will be light and short, this is the light tones terms.
|
(1)霸道bà dào:強橫不講理。(Tyrannical
unreasonable.)
這人真霸道,一點道理也不講。
(This man
really overbearing, have more sense than to say.)
霸道【bà dao】
霸道:猛烈;厲害(violent;
powerful)
這酒真霸道,少喝點吧!
(This
wine is really overbearing, drink a little less now!)
|
(2)擺設bǎi shè:把物品(多指藝術品),按照審美觀點安放。
(The article:multi-fingered
art,
place in accordance with the aesthetic point of view.)
擺設【bǎi she】
擺設:指徒有其表而無實際用處的東西。
(Refers to the specious no practical usefulness of
things.)
書是供人閱讀的,不是拿來當擺設的。
(Book is for people to read, not to use
it as furnishings.)
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(3)褒貶bāo biǎn:評論好壞。(Review
what is good or bad.)
褒貶【bāo
bian】
褒貶:批評缺點。(Criticized
shortcomings.)
有意見要當面提,別在背地裏褒貶人。
(There are views to mention personally, do not speak ill of people
in a corner.)
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(4)差使chāi shǐ:差遣;派遣(Sent;
dispatch)
差使【chāi
shi】
差使:官場中臨時委任的職務或官職。
(Temporarily appointed official duties or official)
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(5)大方dà fāng:指專家學者;內行人。
(Refers
to the experts and scholars; insiders.)
大方【dà fang】
大方:
1對於財物不計較。(Do not care
about the cost.)
2言談舉止自然。(Conversation
naturally.)
3(樣式或顏色)不俗氣!(Style or
color is not tacky!)
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(6)大意dà yì:主要的意思。(Important
meaning.)
把他說話的大意記下來就行了。(About
the meaning of his speech, recorded on it.)
大意【dà yi】
大意:疏忽;不注意。(Negligence;
without attention.)
他太大意了,連這樣的錯誤都沒檢查出來。
(He imprudent, even such an error did not check it out.)
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(7)地道dì dào:在地下掘成的交通坑道。
(In the ground, dig into the traffic tunnel.)
地道【dì dao】
地道:
1這是真正有名出產地,專門出產地道藥材。
(This is really well-known place of origin, specially
produced Chinese medicinal herbs.)
2純粹。她的普通話說得真地道。
(Pure.)Her Putonghua really authentic.
3(指工作或材料的質量),夠標準。
(Refers to the work or the quality of the material, really
standardized.)
她幹的活兒真地道。
(She did the job really authentic.)
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(8)端詳duān xiáng:詳情或端莊安詳。
(For more
details, or dignified and peaceful.)
端詳【duān
xiang】
端詳:仔細地看。(Look
carefully.)
她端詳了很久,也沒有認出是誰。
(She looked for a long time, did not
recognize who it is.)
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(9)地方dì fāng:本地。(Locally.)
地方【dì fang】
地方:
1你是甚麼地方的人。(Where did you come from ?)
2會場裏人都坐滿了人,沒有地方了。(Hall are filled with people, no place to accommodate late comer.)
3這話有對的地方,也有不對的地方。(This is a talking, there is the right place, but also there is
something wrong.)
4我這個地方有點疼。(My body is a little pain in this position.)
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(1 0)多少duōshǎo:指數量的多少。
Refers
to the number of how many.
多少【duō
shao】
多少:疑問代名詞。
Doubting
synonymous.
1這個村子有多少戶人家?
How
many families has the village?
2我知道多少說多少。
I
know how much and then say how much!
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(1 1)丈夫zhàng fū:成年男子;大丈夫。
Adult
men; real man.
丈夫【zhàng fu】
丈夫:男女兩人結婚後,男子是女子的丈夫。
Both men and women after marriage, the man is the
woman's husband.
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(1 2)大爺dà yé:不愛勞動,傲慢任性的男子。
Do
not love work, haughty, headstrong man.
大爺【dà ye】
大爺:
1伯父。(Uncle.)
2尊稱年長的男子。(Revered older man.)
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(1 3)德行dé xíng:道德和品行。(Ethics
and conduct.)
德行【dé xing】
德行:譏諷人的說話,表示看不起他的儀容、舉止,行為、作風等。
Sarcastic remarks, which means that despise his appearance,
behavior, style, etc.
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(1 4)廢物fèi wù:失去原有使用價值的東西。
(Things
lose their value in use.)
廢物【fèi wu】
廢物:(罵人的說話)比喻沒有用的人。
(Curse words)Analogy useless person.
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(1 5)避諱bì huì:古代為了維護等級制度的尊嚴,說話或寫文章遇到君主或尊親的名字,都不能直接說出或寫出他們的名字。
Ancient
caste system in order to maintain the dignity, speak or
write articles encounters monarch or respecting name, are not
directly say or write their names.
避諱【bì hui】
避諱:
1不願說出或聽到某些會引起不愉快的字眼兒(舊時代迷信,行船的人避諱「翻」或「沉」等字眼兒」)。
Unwilling to say or hear certain words can cause
unpleasant(Old age superstition, seafaring people taboo words such as turning or sink)
2迴避。都是自己人,用不着避諱。
(Avoided.) All are one of us, no need to care about.
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(1 6)公道gōng dào:公正的道理。(Just the truth.)
公道【gōng
dao】
公道:公平或合理。(Fair or reasonable.)
說句公道話、辦事公道、價錢公道。(To be fair, Work justice, Fair price.)
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(1 7)工夫gōng fū:舊時代指臨時雇用的短期工人。(Old age refers to the temporary employment of short-term workers.)
工夫【gōng
fu】
工夫:
1指佔用的時間。(Refers to the elapsed time.)
他花了三天的時間,就學會了游泳。
He
spent three days time, has learned to swim.
2(空閒的時間。)明天有工夫再來玩兒吧!
(Idle
time.) Tomorrow
idle time: come to play with me!
3我當閏女那工夫,婚姻全憑父母之命,媒妁之言。
That
time when I damsel,
marriage
depends on the orders of parents, matchmaker's words.
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(1 8)合計hé jì:合在一起計算;總共。(Together
calculation; altogether.)
兩處合計共六十人。(Two combined total of sixty people.)
合計【hé ji】
合計:Total
1盤算(Plan)
他心裡老是合計這一件事。(His
heart always figured this one thing.)
2商量。Discuss.
大家一起合計,這一件事情應該怎麼辦。
Negotiate with everyone, this is one thing, how to deal
with.
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(1 9)花費huā fèi:因為使用而消耗掉。
(Because
of the use and consume.)
花費金錢、花費時間、花費心血。
(Spend money,
spend time, spend all efforts.)
花費【huā
fei】
花費:消耗的錢。(Consumption
of money.)
這次搬家要不少花費。
The
moving to spend a lot of money.
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(2 0)造化zào huà:自然界的創造者,也指大自然。
(Creator of nature, but also refers to nature.)
造化【zào hua】
造化:福氣,運氣。(Fortune, luck.)
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(2 1)來路lái lù:向這裏來的道路。(Toward the road here.)
洪水擋住了運輸隊的來路。(Flood blocking the convoy came from.)
來路【lái lu】
來路:來歷。Antecedents
他是一名來路不明的人。(He was an
unidentified person.)
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(2 2)利害lì hài:利益和損害。(Benefits and harms.)
利害【lì hai】
難以對付或忍受。(Difficult
to deal with or tolerate.)
1心跳得利害。Heart
beating fast.
2天氣熱得利害。Hot
weather badly.
3這着棋十分利害。This
chess is superb.
4這人可真利害。This person can be really tough.
|
(2 3)眉目méi mù:
1眉目和眼睛,泛指容貌。(Looks and
eyes, refers appearance.)
2(文章、文字的)網要。(Article or
text) focus outline.
眉目【méi
mu】
眉目:事情的頭緒。(Clue to resolve the matter.)
把事情弄出點眉目再走!
(Seek out
clues to solve the matter before leaving!)
|
(2 4)門道mén dào:門道兒。(Doorway)
門道【mén dao】
門道:門路。(Opportunities.)
1農業增產的門道很多。
There
are many ways of agricultural production.
2外行看熱鬧,內行看門道。
People
who are not familiar with the situation to watch, people familiar with the
matter do practical things.
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(2 5)男人nán rén:男性的成年人。(Male
adults.)
男人【nán ren】
男人:丈夫。Husband.
|
(2 6)自然zì rán:
1你先別問,到時候自然明白。
You do not ask when the time comes naturally
understand.
2只要認真學習,自然會取得好成績。
As long as conscientiously study will naturally get
good grades.
自然【zì ran】
自然:不勉強、不侷促。(Not
reluctantly, not cramped.)
1他的態度很自然。
His
attitude is very natural.
2他是初次演出,但演得挺自然。
He
is the first show, but played quite natural.
|
(2 7)人家rén jiā:
1這個村子有幾十戶人家!
The
village has dozens of families!
2女子未來的丈夫家。
Women
future husband home.
人家【rén jia】
人家:指自己或某人以外的人。
(Refers
to a person other than himself or someone.)
1你把這東西,快給人家送回去吧!
You
put these things, sent it back to the people!
2原來是你呀,差點沒把人家嚇死!
So
this is you almost put me scared to death!
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(2 8)喪氣sàng qì:因事情不順利而情緒低落。
Because things are not going well lead to depression.
喪氣【sàng qi】
喪氣:倒霉;不吉利;喪氣話。
Misfortune;
unlucky; discouraging words.
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(2 9)斯文sī wén:指文化或文人。(Refers to cultural or writer.)
斯文【sī wen】
斯文:
1他說話挺斯文。
He
spoke very gentle.
2他斯斯文文地坐著。
He
sat in quiet way not move forward.
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(3 0)世故shì gù:
He knows the experience of life skills, knows how to
deal with ways of the living.
世故【shì gu】
世故:(處事待人)圓滑,不得罪人。
His
deal with things and with people's attitude, very smooth, not to offend
others.
這人有些世故,不大願意給人提意見。
This
man some sophistication, not willing to give comments.
|
(3 1)頭面tóu miàn:舊時代婦女頭上裝飾品的總稱。
Old
age women head ornament in general.
頭面【tóu mian】
頭面:指社會上有較大勢力和聲望的人物。
Refers
to the social forces and prestige on a larger figure.
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(3 2)外道wài dào:
佛教用語,指不符合佛教的教派。
Buddhist terms that do not meet the Buddhist sects.
外道【wài dao】
外道:
指禮節過於周到,反而覺得疏遠。
Refers to the etiquette too thoughtful, but feel
alienated.
你再客氣,就顯得外道了。
You
are polite, it becomes over-polite it.
|
(3 3)下水xià shuǐ:
1進入水中。新船下水典禮。
(Into the water.)New ship launching
ceremony.
2把某些紡織品等,浸入水中,使它們收縮。
Some
textiles immerse them in water to make them shrink.
3比喻做壞事,拖入落水。
Analogy
to do bad things, dragging other people into trouble.
下水【xià shui】
下水:
1食用牲畜內臟。豬下水。
Edible
offal of livestock,for example:Pork bellies.
2中國有些地區,下水專指肚子和腸子。
China
in some areas specifically refers to the stomach and intestines.
|
(3 4)冷戰lěng zhàn:指國際間進行的戰爭形式之外的敵對行為。
Refers
to the war in the form of international, the mutual hostilities.
冷戰【lěng
zhan】
冷戰:
1因寒冷或者害怕,渾身突然發抖。
Due
to cold or fear, feeling suddenly trembling.
2打了一個冷戰(也作冷顫)。
Fought
a shivering. (Also known as
chills)
|
(3 5)言語yán yǔ:
說出的話,言語粗魯。
Spoken words, words rude.
言語【yán yu】
言語:留下的說話。(Leave to speak.)
1你離開的時候,為甚麼不言語一聲兒?
When
you leave, why do not clearly answer?
2問你話呢,你怎麼不言語?
Ask
if you do, why do not say a word?
|
(3 6)兄弟xiōng dì:哥哥和弟弟。(Two brothers)
兄弟【xiōng
di】
兄弟:
1用親切的口氣,稱呼年紀比自己小的男子。
With
a cordial tone, called relatively young man.
2兄弟,我剛到這裡,請多多關照。
Brothers,
I just got here, please take care.
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(3 7)難處nán chǔ:不容易相處。(Not easy to get along with.)
他只是脾氣暴躁些,並不算難處。
He
was just some grumpy and not too difficult to get along.
難處【nán
chu】
1各有各的難處。
Each
has their own difficulties.
2這工作沒有甚麼難處。
These
work without any difficulty.
|
(3 8)想法xiǎng fǎ:設法。想辦法。(Trying. To find solutions.)
想法消滅害蟲!
To
find ways to eradicate pests!
想法【xiǎng
fa】
想法:思索所得的結果。(Thinking about the results.)
1這個想法不錯。
This
is a good idea.
2有甚麼想法,可以說出來?
Have
any idea, you can say it?
|
(3 9)運氣yùn qì:
1把力氣貫注到身體某一部分。
Absorbed
in the effort to a certain part of the body.
2他一運氣,就能把石塊搬了起來。
He
took a deep breath, will be able to move up the stones.
運氣【yùn qi】
運氣:
1命運。運氣不佳。
Destiny.
Bad luck.
2幸運。你真夠運氣,中了頭等獎。
(Lucky.)You're lucky enough, actually got
first prize.
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各位學習普通話的同道中人,直到現階段,你認為好好學習輕聲調,是不是一環非常關鍵性的課題?假如你不學習漢語拼音,便會忽略了輕聲調的重要性。下期再會!
Learning Mandarin friends, until
this stage, do you think to learn gentle toned, is a very key
homework? If you do not learn pinyin, you will certainly ignore the importance of gentle tones.
See you next time!
親愛的同學、朋友們,「學無前後,達者為先」,讓我們為這一句富於哲理的說話,亙相共同勉勵!
Dear students, friends,
"Learning without front and rear, reached by first". Let us handle
this one ancient philosophy statement, of mutual encouragement!
我的「漢語拼音」教學影片將會在2013年7月下旬在You Tube 出現,到時請前往:
My "Pinyin"
instructional videos will end in July 2013 appeared in You Tube, when go to:
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