2013年7月19日 星期五

(1 7)Han Yu pinyin is the golden key to learn Mandarin


普通話易學難精是誤解,學習漢語拼音,便能使你說出流利的普通話。

Mandarin is easy to learn and difficult to master is misunderstanding, studying Chinese Han Yu pinyin, it makes you speak fluent Putonghua.

假如你想在口語普通話裡,說好輕柔聲調的話,你必須要分辨清楚,輕柔聲調配詞的類別。

輕聲調可分為兩個類別:

If you want to spoken Mandarin, saying good gentle tone, you have to distinguish, gentle tones category. Gentle tones can be divided into two categorie

1)詞彙輕柔聲調:

屬於這個類別的輕柔聲調,佔輕柔聲調的多數,對初學者來說,需要逐一記憶,學一個得一個,別無其他辦法。

(1) Vocabulary gentle tone:

Belong to this category gentle tone, accounted for most gentle tone, for beginners, requires each memory, be sure to learn one-by-one, there is no other way.

普通話常用必讀的雙音節輕柔聲調詞,共有2 0 0多個,要全部熟悉,並不是一件容易的事,只有下些功夫來記住,沒有甚麼捷徑可走。

Mandarin popular must-read two-syllable word gentle tone, there are over 200 more than.

If you want all be familiar, it is not an easy task, only by striving to remember each one, there are no shortcuts.

不過,請你注意下面一些規則,這會有助於你掌握那些才是輕柔聲調的詞語。

However, please note that some of the rules below, this will help you to master which words are the gentle tones.

1 . 雙音節單詞的第二音節,常為輕柔聲調詞。例如:
The second syllable of two-syllable words, these words often read as gentle tone. For example:
喇叭【ba
speaker
蘿蔔【luó bo
radish
糊塗【hú tu
muddle
玻璃【 li
glass
駱駝【luò tuo
camel
模糊【hu
fuzzy
螞蚱【mà zha
grasshopper
 
2 .重壘音韻名詞的第二音節(多是親屬稱謂)。例如:
Overlapping words phonological the second syllable nouns. (Mostly kinship). For example:
妹妹【mèi mei
a younger sister
舅舅【jiù jiiu
an uncle who is a brother of one's mother
奶奶【nǎi nai
one's (paternal) grandmother
爸爸【 ba
father
媽媽【【ma
mother
乖乖【guāi guai
well-behaved
寶寶【bǎo bao
baby (a term of endearment)
 
太太【tài tai
(form of address) Mrs.
3 .反義複合詞的第二個音節(詞義不作為聯合結構)。例如:
Antisense second syllable compound words.(Meaning not as a joint structure)
For example:
反正【fǎn zheng
one way or another
買賣【mǎi mai
commerce
動靜【dòng jing
movement
褒貶【bāo bian
to criticize
多少【duō shao
more or less
 
東西【dōng xi
east and west
4 .聯合複合式詞語,因口語習慣而讀作輕柔聲調。例如:
Joint compound words, read as a result of oral habits gentle tones.
For example:
眼睛【yǎn jing
an eye
胳膊【bo
arm
頭髮【tóu fa
human hair on top of the head
身份【shēn fen
Identity
結實【jiē shi
not easily breakable
 
休息【xiū xi
to rest
5 .部分連接詞或介系詞後的一個音節。例如:
A syllable after some conjunctions or prepositions. For example:
除了【chú le
in addition to
還是【hái shi
nevertheless
要是【yào shi
in case
要麼【yào me
either...or...
自從【cong
ever since
由於【yóu yu
owing to
關於【guān yu
with regard to
對於【duì yu
as regards
向着【xiàng zhe
toward
朝着【cháo zhe
toward
按照【àn zhao
according to
通過【tōng guo
to come through
2)語法輕柔聲調:

(2) Syntax gentle tone:

屬於這個類別的輕柔聲調為數不太多;主要分佈於結構助語詞、動態助語詞、語氣助語詞和名詞的後綴字。

Belong to this category gentle tone, an amount not too much; mainly in structural aid words, dynamic help words, emphatic words and the noun suffix terms.

1 .重疊音韻動詞,中間夾着「一」字或「不」字,一般都要讀柔聲調。例如:
Overlapping phonological verb, sandwiched between "one" word or word "no", the general must read softly tone. For example:
去不去【bu
go or not
看不看【kàn bu kàn
see or not to see
做不做【zuò bu zuò
do or do not
說不說【shuō bu shuō
say or do not say
差不多【chà bu duō
almost
行不行【xíng bu xíng
can or can not
怪不得【guài bu
no wonder
能不能【néng bu néng
can or can not be
說一說【shuō yi shuō
say something
抹一抹【yi
wipe
走一走【zǒu yi zǒu
take a trip
有一天【yǒu yi tiān
one day
想一想【xiǎng yi xiǎng
think about
烤一烤【kǎo yi kǎo
roasted
做一做【zuò yi zuò
try to do something
 
談一談【tán yi tán
talk
2 .部份名詞、代名詞和副詞的尾語後綴字。例如:
Some nouns, pronouns and adverbs suffix character. For example:
你們【men
You
我們【men
We
桌子【zhuō zi
a table
人們【rén men
people
石頭【shí tou
stone
孩子【hái zi
a child
甚麼【shén me
What
村子【cūn zi
a village
敵人【ren
an enemy
木頭【tou
wood
後人【hòu ren
later generations
上頭【shàng tou
Immediate boss
客人【ren
a guest
那麼【me
in that case
怎麼【zěn me
why
 
 
3 .名詞後的一些方向詞,常常會讀輕柔聲調:
After some direction noun often read gentle tone:
牆上【qiáng shang
wall surface
底下【xia
bottom below
屋子裏【wū zi li
inside the house
手頭上【shǒu tou shàng
on hand
前面【qián mian
the front side
後頭【hòu tou
in the behind
 
注意:下列名詞後的方向詞:中、前、外、左、右、東、南、西、北。
要記住絕對不能讀輕柔聲。例如:手中、窗前、屋外等。這是必須要記清楚。
NOTE: The following nouns direction after the word: in front, outside, left, right, east, south, west, north.
Remember that absolutely can not read the gentle sound. For example:  inside the hands of, in front of the window, outside the house and so on. This is necessary to remember clearly.
 
4 .動詞後面的結果補語。例如:
The results complement verb. For example:
打開【kai
to unfold
站住【zhàn zhu
to halt
爛掉【làn diao
rotted away
 
關上【guān shang
closed
5 .重疊音韻,單音動詞後的聲調。例如:
Overlapping phonology, monophonic tones after the verb. For example:
坐坐【zuò zuo
sit down
瞧瞧【qiáo qiao
take a look
試試【shì shi
try
嚐嚐【cháng chang
to taste
 
6 .動態助語詞,例如,「讀着、走了、過看」,這些字詞常常讀作輕柔聲調。例如:
Dynamic help words, such as "reading, walking, after watching", these words are often read as a gentle tone. For example:
看過【kàn guo
already seen it
去過【guo
has been to
吃着【chī zhe
eating
讀着【zhe
reading
走了【zǒu le
has left
 
輸了【shū le
to lose it
7 .結構助語詞,例如,「紅的、做得好、認真地」必須讀作輕柔聲調。例如:
Structural aid words, such as "red, well done, seriously," must be read as a gentle tone. For example:
紅的花【hóng de huā
red flower
他的車【de chē
his car
勇敢地【yǒng gǎn de
bravely
認真地【rèn zhēn de
seriously
做得好【zuò de hǎo
well done
 
跑得快【pǎo de kuài
run fast
8 .語氣助語詞,例如,「真的、過去了、知道嗎、算了吧、等你呢、很好啊、快些啦、真的嘛」必須讀作輕柔聲調。例如:
Help tone words, such as "Really, gone, you know, forget it, waiting for you, well, ah, faster, really" must be read as a gentle tone. For example:
發生火災就是這家工廠嗎?
fā shēng huǒ zāi jiù shì zhè jiā gōng chǎng ma?】
Is this factory on fire?
事實上,我真是不知道啊!
shì shí shàngwǒ zhēn shì bù zhī dào a!】
In fact, I really do not know ah!
這裡不安全,快走吧!
zhè lǐ bù ān quánkuài zǒu ba!】
Not safe here and get going!
我在家正等着你呢!
wǒ zài jiā zhèng děng zhe nǐ ne!】
I am at home awaits you!
本來就是這樣的嘛!
běn lái jiù shì zhè yàng de ma!】
Has always been so!
事情都過去了,不要再想了。
shì qíng dōu guò qù lebú yào zài xiǎng le。】
Things are gone, do not think of it.
 
9 .表示趨向的助動詞後,例如,「來過、回去、上來、下去、過來」,必須讀作輕柔聲調。例如:
After auxiliary trends indicate, for example, "Come over, back, up, down, come," must be read as a gentle tone. For example:
過來【guò lai
come
出去【chū qu
go out
站起來【zhàn qi lái
stand up
掉下去【diào xia
fall down
拿過來【guo lái
to take over
 
 
1 0 .「我、你、他、她、它」所有這些人稱代名詞,作為「主語」使用,也會讀輕柔聲調。例如:
"I, you, he, she, it," all of these personal pronouns as "subject" to use, will be read gentle tones. For example:
你找我?【 zhǎo wǒ?】
Are you looking for me?
請他來這裡。【qǐng lái zhè lǐ。】
Ask him to come here.
給你個任務。【gěi gè rèn wù。】
Give you a task.
我來吧!【 lái ba!】
I do it!
她行嗎?【 xíng ma?】
She can do it?
 
這裡有兩個練習,筆者想請你來試做。
Here are two exercises the author would like to ask you to try to do.
下列配詞,哪些配詞是詞彙輕柔聲調?哪些配詞是語法輕柔聲調?哪些不能讀作輕聲?(答案在練習底部)。
With the following words, which words are words with gentle tones? Which word is grammar with gentle tones? What words can not be read as softly? (The answer is at the bottom of the exercise).
學生【xué shēng
student
醫生【yī shēng
a doctor
朋友【péng yǒu
a friend
孔子【kǒng zǐ
Confucius
茄子【qié zi
an eggplant
原子【yuán zǐ
an atom
房子【fáng zi
a building
態度【tài du
an attitude
高度【gāo dù
altitude
門前【mén qián
in front of the gate
房後【fáng hòu
back of the room
江河【jiāng hé
rivers
海洋【hǎi yáng
ocean
唸叨【niàn dāo
talk over
上面【shàng miàn
above
地面【dì miàn
ground
人們【rén men
people
桌椅【zhuō yǐ
tables and chairs
前後【qián hòu
front and rear
好壞【hǎo huài
good or bad
上來【shàng lái
up
走一走【zǒu yì zǒu
walk
睡着了【shuì zháo le
asleep
懂不懂【dǒng bù dǒng
understand it or not
吃了嗎【chī le ma
have eaten
快去吧【kuài qù ba
go faster
(二)你能標示出下面兒歌中的輕柔聲調嗎?(答案在練習底部)。
Can you mark out the following songs in gentle tones?
(The answer is at the bottom of the exercise).
洗洗臉兒漱漱口,
xǐ xǐ liǎn ér shù shù kǒu
Gargle and wash one's face,
 
剪剪指甲梳梳頭,
jiǎn jiǎn zhǐ jiǎ shū shū tóu
Brushing hair and cut nails,
 
衣服整齊見朋友,
yī fu zhěng qí jiàn péng yǒu
Wear neat clothes to see friends,
 
手拉手兒走一走。
shǒu lā shǒu ér zǒu yì zǒu
Walk hand in hand.
 


複習(2 2):Review2 2: (五)
普通話的字詞,每一個都應該會有音調,但是,有些組合字詞的音調讀起時,音調會又輕又短,這就是輕聲調詞語。
Mandarin words, each one should have a tone, but the tone of some combination of words read from time to time, the tone will be light and short, this is the light tones terms.
1丫頭(tou
abigail
2鴨子(zi
a duck
3啞巴(ba
a deaf-mute person
4胭脂(yān zhi
blusher
5眼睛(yǎn jing
an eye
6燕子(yàn zi
a swallow
7養活(yǎng huo
to support
8樣子(yàng zi
an appearance
9吆喝(yāo he
to cry out
1 0鑰匙(yào shi
a key
1 1椰子(zi
a coconut
1 2葉子(zi
leafage
1 3一輩子(yí bèi zi
throughout one's life
1 4衣服(fu
clothing
1 5椅子(zi
a chair
1 6意思(si
meaning
1 7影子(yǐng zi
a shadow
1 8應酬(yìng chou
to engage in social activities
1 9冤枉(yuān wang
to treat unjustly
2 0月餅(yuè bing
a pastry with mostly sweet fillings made for the Moon Festival
2 1雲彩(yún cai
cloud
2 2運氣(yùn qi
a fortune
2 3咱們(zán men
persons spoken to"we"; "us"
2 4早上(zǎo shang
morning
2 5丈夫(zhàng fu
a husband
2 6帳蓬(zhàng peng
tent
2 7丈人(zhàng ren
wife's father
2 8招呼(zhāo hu
to say hello to
2 9招牌(zhāo pai
a shop sign
3 0這個(zhè ge
this one
3 1這麼(zhè me
such
3 2枕頭(zhěn tou
a pillow
3 3芝麻(zhī ma
sesame
3 4知識(zhī shi
knowledge
3 5指甲(zhǐ jia
a fingernail
3 6指頭(zhǐ tou
fingers
3 7種子(zhǒng zi
a seed
3 8珠子(zhū zi
a bead
3 9竹子(zhú zi
bamboo
4 0主意(zhǔ yi
an idea
4 1轉悠(zhuàn you
cruise
4 2壯實(zhuàng shi
sturdy
4 3狀元(zhuàng yuan
Number One Scholar (in the imperial examination)
4 4桌子(zhuō zi
a desk
4 5自在(zai
unrestrained
4 6嘴巴(zuǐ ba
a mouth
4 7琢磨(zhuó mo
to turn something over in one's mind
4 8柵欄(zhà lan
a (rail) fence
4 9怎麼(zěn me
how
5 0祖宗(zǔ zong
ancestors
下列配詞,哪些配詞是詞彙輕柔聲調?哪些配詞是語法輕柔聲調?哪些不能讀作輕聲?(答案)。
With the following words, which words are words with gentle tones? Which word is grammar with gentle tones? What words can not be read as softly?
(Answer)
1【詞彙輕聲】   2【非輕聲】 3【語法輕聲】
1 Glossary softly  2 Non softly  3 Syntax softly
學生【xué shēng】詞彙輕聲1
醫生【yī shēng】非輕聲2
朋友【péng yǒu】詞彙輕聲1
孔子【kǒng zǐ】非輕聲2
茄子【qié zi】詞彙輕聲1
原子【yuán zǐ】非輕聲2
房子【fáng zi】詞彙輕聲1
態度【tài du】詞彙輕聲1
高度【gāo dù】非輕聲2
門前【mén qián】非輕聲2
房後【fáng hòu】非輕聲2
江河【jiāng hé】非輕聲2
海洋【hǎi yáng】非輕聲2
唸叨【niàn dāo】詞彙輕聲1
上面【shàng miàn】語法輕聲3
地面【dì miàn】非輕聲2
人們【rén men】語法輕聲3
桌椅【zhuō yǐ】非輕聲2
前後【qián hòu】非輕聲2
好壞【hǎo huài】非輕聲2
上來【shàng lái】語法輕聲3
走一走【zǒu yì zǒu】語法輕聲3
睡着了【shuì zháo le】語法輕聲3
懂不懂【dǒng bù dǒng】語法輕聲3
吃了嗎【chī le ma】語法輕聲3
快去吧【kuài qù ba】語法輕聲3
 
 
(二)你能標示出下面兒歌中的輕柔聲調嗎?(答案)。
Can you mark out the following songs in gentle tones?
( Answer).
洗洗臉兒漱漱口,
liǎn ér shù shù kǒu
【洗洗】【漱漱】重疊音韻
剪剪指甲梳梳頭,
jiǎn jiǎn zhǐ jiǎ shū shū tóu
【剪剪】【梳梳】重疊音韻
【指甲】詞彙輕聲
衣服整齊見朋友,
fu zhěng qí jiàn péng yǒu
【衣服】詞彙輕聲【朋友】詞彙輕聲
手拉手兒走一走。
shǒu lā shǒu ér zǒu zǒu
【一】語法輕聲

親愛的同學、朋友們,「學無前後,達者為先」,讓我們為這一句富於哲理的說話,亙相共同勉勵!

Dear students, friends, "Learning without front and rear, reached by first". Let us handle this one ancient philosophy statement, of mutual encouragement!

我的「漢語拼音」教學影片將會在20137月下旬在You Tube 出現,到時請前往:

My "Pinyin" instructional videos will end in July 2013 appeared in You Tube, when go to:

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